What is the impact of poor water quality on coffee?

The impact of poor water quality on coffee is significant, primarily because water comprises about 98% of a brewed cup of coffee. When the water is of poor quality—contaminated, hard, or improperly filtered—it can adversely affect the extraction process during brewing. This leads to undesirable flavors and aromas in the final product. Chemical imbalances or impurities in the water can result in off-flavors, which can overshadow the natural characteristics of the coffee beans. As a result, the overall quality of the coffee is compromised. Flavor complexity, brightness, and balance that one would expect from a well-brewed coffee can be lost due to the detrimental effects of using subpar water. Therefore, maintaining good water quality is crucial for achieving an optimal coffee experience.